Math Module

The math module provides mathematical functions and constants. All functions are accessed via the math. prefix.

Constants

Constant	Value	Description
`math.pi`	3.14159...	Ratio of circle circumference to diameter

Functions

Function	Arguments	Returns	Description
`math.sqrt(x)`	number	float	Square root of x
`math.pow(base, exp)`	base, exponent	float	Base raised to exponent power
`math.abs(x)`	number	number	Absolute value
`math.sin(x)`	radians	float	Sine of angle
`math.cos(x)`	radians	float	Cosine of angle
`math.tan(x)`	radians	float	Tangent of angle
`math.floor(x)`	number	float	Round down to nearest integer
`math.ceil(x)`	number	float	Round up to nearest integer
`math.round(x)`	number	number	Round to nearest integer
`math.min(a, b, ...)`	2+ numbers	number	Smallest value
`math.max(a, b, ...)`	2+ numbers	number	Largest value
`math.random()`	none	float	Random number 0.0 to 1.0
`math.random(max)`	int max	int	Random int 0 to max-1
`math.random(min, max)`	int min, int max	int	Random int min to max (inclusive)

Examples

Basic calculations

class App {
    print(math.sqrt(16));        // 4.0
    print(math.pow(2, 10));      // 1024.0
    print(math.abs(-42));        // 42
    print(math.pi * 2);          // 6.283185...
}

Trigonometry

class App {
    const PI = math.pi;
    
    print(math.sin(PI / 2));     // 1.0 (90 degrees)
    print(math.cos(PI));         // -1.0 (180 degrees)
    print(math.tan(0));          // 0.0
}

Rounding

class App {
    print(math.floor(3.7));      // 3.0
    print(math.ceil(3.2));       // 4.0
    print(math.round(3.5));     // 4
}

Min / Max

class App {
    print(math.min(10, 5));              // 5
    print(math.max(10, 5));              // 10
    print(math.min(3, 1, 4, 1, 5));      // 1
    print(math.max(3, 1, 4, 1, 5));      // 5
}

Random numbers

class App {
    // Random float 0.0 to 1.0
    print(math.random());        // e.g., 0.8473...
    
    // Random int 0 to 99
    print(math.random(100));   // e.g., 42
    
    // Random int 1 to 6 (dice roll)
    print(math.random(1, 6));   // e.g., 4
}

Complete example: Dice roller

class DiceRoller {
    const SIDES = 6;
    const ROLLS = 5;
    
    fn rollDice() {
        print("Rolling", ROLLS, "d", SIDES, "dice:");
        
        @unsafe for (let i = 0; i < ROLLS; i = i + 1) {
            let roll = math.random(1, SIDES);
            print("Roll", i + 1, ":", roll);
        }
    }
    
    rollDice();
}

Error handling

math.sqrt() of a negative number throws an error
math.random(max) requires max > 0
math.random(min, max) requires max > min
All math functions require numeric arguments